Ukubuyisela umva uMthetho weGolide - phatha abanye njengoko bebekuphethe - yenzelwe ukugcina imeko ekhokelayo ekwenzeni iisilicon ezinkulu.
Kumfanekiso wesipili wento eyenziwe yi-United States ngetekhnoloji ye-semiconductor lithography, i-China isandula ukuhlengahlengisa imithetho yayo ukuze ithintele ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe uninzi lwetekhnoloji yepaneli yelanga ukuze igcine iwonga layo eliphambili kunye nesabelo semarike yehlabathi jikelele kwicandelo.
A iphaneli yelangaphezu kophahla kunokubandakanya ikhulu lamaqhekeza esilicon kwaye iTshayina inkqenkqeza phambili ngoku koomatshini bokwenza ezo.Ngoku abavelisi baseTshayina banqatshelwe ukusebenzisa i-silicon yabo enkulu, i-silicon emnyama kunye ne-cast-mono silicon technologies phesheya, ngokwemigaqo esanda kulungiswa yokuthumela ngaphandle epapashwe nguMphathiswa wezoRhwebo kunye neSebe lezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji.
Iifemu zaseTshayina zivelisa ngaphezulu kwama-80% ehlabathiiiphaneli zelangakunye neemodyuli kodwa baye bajongana neerhafu ezinzima ezibekwe yi-United States kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.
Abanye babo bafuduse amaziko abo eThailand naseMalaysia ukunqanda amaxabiso kodwa iBeijing ayifuni ukuba bathathe itekhnoloji yabo ephambili phesheya.
Iingcali zetekhnoloji zathi i-China ifuna ukuthintela i-India ukuba ibengomnye wababoneleli abaphambili beplanethi yelanga.
Kwi-2011, iSebe lezoRhwebo lase-US lalawula ukuba i-China yayilahla iipaneli zelanga kwimarike yase-US.Ngo-2012, yamisela imisebenzi kwiiphaneli zelanga zaseTshayina.
Abanye abenzi bephaneli zelanga baseTshayina bafudukela eTaiwan bezama ukuphepha amaxabiso kodwa i-US yandise imirhumo ukuze ifake isicelo kwisiqithi.
Emva koko bafudukela eKhambodiya, eMalaysia, eThailand naseVietnam.NgoJuni ophelileyo, abaphathi beBiden bathi bazakurhoxisa iirhafuiiphaneli zelangaingeniswe e-US kula mazwe mane kangangeenyanga ezingama-24.
Ukwalela iifemu ezininzi zaseTshayina ukuba zigqithisele itekhnoloji yesilicon engundoqo phesheya kolwandle, isebe lezorhwebo laseTshayina kwinyanga ephelileyo licebise ukuba libandakanye obu buchwepheshe kwizikhokelo zabo zokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.
Oku kunokuvakala njengokuvala umnyango emva kokuba ihashe liphumile eshedini, kodwa akunjalo.Iinkampani zisenokuba zithuthele oomatshini kwamanye amazwe sele beyokwenza isilicon enkulu- kodwa xa befuna iinxalenye, oomatshini kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa abanakuphinda bathenge kwilizwe lase China.
I-Beijing ikwacebise ukuba kuthintelwe ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwerada yelaser yelizwe, ukuhlelwa kwegenome kunye nobuchwepheshe bezolimo bokuzalanisa.Uthethwano noluntu lwaqala nge-30 kaDisemba kwaye lwaphela nge-28 kaJanuwari.
Emva kokubonisana, ishishini lorhwebo ligqibe kwelokuba livale ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandlei-silicon enkulu, i-silicon emnyama kunye ne-cast-monoItekhnoloji ye-emitter engasemva kunye neeseli zangasemva (PERC).
Umbhali wemihlathi ye-IT waseTshayina uthe iisilicon ezinkulu ezinobungakanani obuphakathi kwe-182mm kunye ne-210mm ziya kuba ngumgangatho wehlabathi njengoko isabelo sabo semakethi sikhule sisuka kwi-4.5% ngo-2020 saya kutsho kuma-45% ngo-2021 kwaye sinokunyuka siye kutsho kuma-90% kwixesha elizayo.
Uthe iifemu zaseTshayina ezazama ukuvelisa iisilicon ezinkulu phesheya ziyakuchaphazeleka sisithintelo esitsha sokuthumela ngaphandle njengoko zisenokungakwazi ukuthenga izixhobo eziyimfuneko eTshayina.
Kwicandelo lepaneli yelanga, ii-silicons ezincinci zibhekisa kwezo zilinganiswe kwi-166mm okanye ngaphantsi.Okukhona likhulu iqhekeza lesilicon, kokukhona lisezantsi iindleko zokuvelisa amandla.
U-Song Hao, usekela mongameli we-GCL Technology, umthengisi wee-wafers ze-elektroniki kumzi mveliso welanga, uthe ngelixa ukuvalwa kokuthumela ngaphandle kuya kuthintela iifemu zaseTshayina ekwandiseni phesheya kwezilwandle azizukuminxa ukuthunyelwa kweemveliso zazo ezivela eTshayina.
UNgoma uthe kusengqiqweni ukuba i-China ikuthintele ukuthunyelwa kweyona teknoloji yephaneli yelanga ephezulu njengoko amazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo enze izinto ezifanayo e-China ngaphambili.
ULu Jinbiao, usekela mlawuli wekomiti yeengcali kwiShishini leSilicon yeChina Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, uthe ukuvalwa kokuthumela ngaphandle.i-silicon emnyama kunye ne-cast-mono PERC itekhnolojiayinakuba nempembelelo embi kakhulu kushishino njengoko ingasasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
U-Lu uthe ezininzi izikhulu zepaneli zelanga zaseTshayina, ezibandakanya i-Longi Green Energy Technology, i-JA Solar Technology kunye ne-Trina Solar Co, sele ihambise imigca yabo yokuvelisa kwi-Asia-mpuma ye-Asia kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.Uthe ezi nkampani ziya kujongana nezithintelo ukuba zifuna ukuthenga iziko lekristale okanye izixhobo zokusika izinto zesilicon ezivela eTshayina ukwenza iisilicon ezinkulu.
U-Yu Duo, umhlalutyi wamandla elanga e-Oilchem.net, uthe i-India yasungula uluhlu lwamanyathelo amatsha okuxhasa abavelisi bezixhobo zelanga kunyaka ophelileyo kwilinge lokunciphisa ukuthembela kwayo kwiimveliso zaseTshayina.Uthe i-China ifuna ukuthintela i-India ekufumaneni itekhnoloji yayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-28-2023