Ukuthandwa kweemarike ze-photovoltaic zelanga kuye kwaqhuba uphuhliso lwelangainverterishishini.Ngokubanzi, ii-inverters zelanga zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezintathu: ii-inverters ezisembindini, ii-inverters zentambo, kunye nee-inverters ezincinci.
Ii-inverters ezisembindini, ezidibana kuqala zize emva koko zijike, zilungele ubukhulu becala amaziko amakhulu ombane aphakathi nendawo anokukhanya okufanayo.Ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi, isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizikhululo zamandla zefotovoltaic ezisembindini ezinje ngeefektri ezinkulu ezinokukhanya kwelanga okufanayo kunye nezikhululo zamandla zasentlango.
Ii-inverters zentambo zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula kwaye emva koko ziguqulelwe, ubukhulu becala kuphahla oluncinci kunye nobukhulu obuphakathi, izityalo ezincinci zamandla omhlaba, kunye nezinye iimeko.Iimeko zezicelo zahluke kakhulu, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezikhululo zamandla, ezifana nezikhululo zamandla ezikwindawo esembindini, izikhululo zamandla ezisasazwayo, kunye nezikhululo zamandla eziphezu kophahla, ezinexabiso eliphezulu kancinane kunezikhululo zamandla ezisembindini.
I-Micro inverters iguqulelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ixhunywe kwigridi, ngokukodwa ifanelekile kwikhaya kunye neemeko ezincinci ezisasazwayo.Ngokubanzi, amandla angaphantsi kwe-1kw, asebenza ikakhulu kumakhaya asasaziweyo kunye nezikhululo zamandla ezincinci ezisasazwe kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezorhwebo eluphahleni, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu, kwaye kunzima ukuyigcina kwimeko yokusilela.
Ubunkokeli bexabiso eliphantsi
Iishishini nverterngaphambi kuka-2010 yayingengowaseTshayina.Njengeyona marike ibalulekileyo ye-photovoltaic, iYurophu ibala ngaphezu kwe-60% ye-photovoltaic entsha efakwe amandla ehlabathi minyaka yonke phakathi kwe-2004 kunye ne-2011. Njengamandla amakhulu ombane, i-SMA, i-photovoltaic giant, yaqala ukuphuhlisa i-photovoltaic inverters kwi-1987, kwaye yazisa I-inverter yokuqala yorhwebo kunye ne-centralized inverter, ekhokelela kwishishini ngokuthembela kwiinzuzo zobugcisa.
Imarike yehlabathi iphantse yalawulwa ziinkampani zaseYurophu, kwaye phakathi kwe-10 ephezulu yokuthunyelwa kwe-photovoltaic inverter, ngaphandle kweenkampani ezintathu zaseMntla Melika, ezinye zivela eYurophu.Iinkampani ezintlanu zaseYurophu, i-SMA, i-KACO, i-Fronius, i-Ingeteam, kunye ne-Siemens kuphela, i-akhawunti ye-70% yesabelo semarike.Isabelo semarike yeenkampani ze-SMA sifikelele kwi-44%, ilingana nesiqingatha se-photovoltaic inverter market.
Ngexesha apho uphuhliso lwe-photovoltaic luhamba ngokupheleleyo eYurophu, uphuhliso lwe-photovoltaic lwaseChina lusesebuncinaneni bayo: ukungabikho kophando lwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokuphumelela kophuhliso kuye kwaba yinto enkulu ethintela uphuhliso.Njengoko sonke siyazi, i-photovoltaic inverters idibanisa i-photovoltaic array kunye negridi yamandla, enokuguqula amandla e-DC aveliswa yinkqubo ibe yi-AC amandla afunekayo ebomini ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji yokuguqula amandla e-elektroniki, kwaye ingabizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yenkqubo yonke ye-photovoltaic.
Njengoko "ingqondo" yeenkqubo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, imveliso kunye nokuveliswa kwayo idibanisa iteknoloji yoyilo lwenkqubo yamandla, iteknoloji ye-semiconductor, iteknoloji ye-electronics yamandla, iteknoloji ye-microcomputer, iteknoloji yeprogram ye-software ye-algorithm, njl. intsebenziswano ukugqiba, ii-inverters zifana neenkokeli ezihambisa amanye amacandelo kunye nobuchopho babo, kwaye yonke intshukumo yabo iya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umzila jikelele weenkqubo ze-photovoltaic.
Ukuguqulwa kwayo kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kuye kwaba zizibonakaliso eziphambili zokugweba ukusebenza kwe-inverter.Ngethuba nje amandla eba phezulu, kunokuthetha ilahleko ephantsi, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iindleko zombane ngeyure ye-kilowatt kwiiprojekthi ze-photovoltaic.NgoDisemba ka-2003, i-Sungrow Power yazisa igridi yokuqala yase-China eyi-10kW photovoltaic grid edityaniswe isiguquli esinamalungelo azimeleyo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, oko kwenza inyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili kuguqulo olusulungekileyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kwaphula uqoqosho lwamazwe angaphandle.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwe-Optical yindlela engenakuphepheka
Igridi yendabuko edibeneyo ye-photovoltaic inverter inokwenza kuphela ukuguqulwa kwendlela enye ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kumandla we-AC, kwaye ivelise umbane kuphela emini.Umbane oveliswayo unokuchaphazeleka yimozulu, enemiba engalindelekanga.Nangona kunjalo, i-inverter yokugcina amandla idibanisa imisebenzi ye-photovoltaic igridi edibeneyo yokuvelisa amandla kunye nezikhululo zamandla okugcina amandla, ukugcina amandla ombane xa kuninzi, kunye nokuguqula amandla ombane agciniweyo xa nganelanga ukuyikhupha kwigridi, ukulinganisa amandla ombane. Umahluko wokusetyenziswa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kunye namaxesha ahlukeneyo onyaka, Idlala indima ekuchebeni okuphezulu kunye nokuzaliswa kwentlambo.
I-inverter yokugcina amandla kunye negridi edibeneyo inverter ineteknoloji efanayo.Nangona i-circuit yokukhusela kunye ne-buffer circuit yahlukile, iqonga le-hardware kunye nesakhiwo se-topology siyafana, ngoko ke indlela yokunciphisa iindleko iyahambelana ne-photovoltaic.inverter.
Ngexesha elifutshane, imfuno yokugcina amandla kunye nofakelo luqhutywa ikakhulu kwicala lomgaqo-nkqubo, kwaye luchatshazelwa zizithintelo kwindawo yokufunxa kunye nokuguquguquka kombane, oorhulumente abahlukeneyo baye bakhawulezisa ukuqaliswa koluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo yokukhuthaza imarike yokugcina amandla. .Amanye amaphondo kunye nezixeko zaseTshayina zide zagunyazisa ulwabiwo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla amatsha.
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-optical kunye nokugcinwa kuyinkqubo engenakuphepheka, kwaye imigaqo-nkqubo kufuneka iqale ikhuthaze ulwabiwo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla amatsha.Kwithiyori, kwimeko apho amandla e-photovoltaic anikezelwa ngokupheleleyo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela i-1: 3 kwi-1: isitoreji samandla se-5 ukufezekisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla angaphazamiseki.Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcinwa kwe-Optical kulindeleke ukuba kube sisisombululo samandla acocekileyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-24-2023